Uitspraak
GERECHTSHOF AMSTERDAM
VILLAZZO S.A.R.L.,
1.de thans ontbonden besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid
2.[geïntimeerde 2] ,
1.Het geding in hoger beroep
2.Feiten
grief Ikomt Villazzo op tegen een deel van de door de rechtbank vastgestelde feiten. Het hof zal hetgeen Villazzo bij deze grief heeft aangevoerd voor zover relevant meenemen bij de navolgende weergave van de feiten. Samengevat en waar nodig aangevuld met andere feiten die als enerzijds gesteld en anderzijds niet of onvoldoende betwist zijn komen vast te staan, komen de feiten neer op het volgende.
“The parties further agree that any obligation undertaken by iBrokers in this agreement shall also apply to [geïntimeerde 2]personally and or any company established by [geïntimeerde 2] or in which [geïntimeerde 2] has an interest in the future.”
“the management/representation of all villas in the St Tropez area”zal overnemen en
“the exclusive provider of villas in St Tropez”zal zijn voor iBrokers en dat
“iBrokers or any affiliated companies shall only book villas in the St Tropez area through Villazzo. In the event that Villazzo is unable to offer a villa within the client’s budget or in the event that the client was not interested in a Villazzo villa, or for other legitimate business reasons, then with the explicit written approval from Villazzo, iBrokers shall be permitted to book alternative villas for their clients in St Tropez.”Verder is in de samenwerkingsovereenkomst opgenomen dat
“The gross margin[brutomarge; toevoeging
shall be split 50/50 between Villazzo and iBrokers for all bookings that iBrokers procures. This includes former iBrokers properties as well as former Villazzo properties”en dat
“As Villazzo has paid € 180.000E for taking over the properties in St Tropez, Villazzo shall have no further obligation to pay any share for bookings that Villazzo procures for iBrokers’ former properties, or for any income from property management services to these owners.”
“After our last discussion by email i have decided to end the contract with Villazzo per this moment (…)”.Daarop heeft [naam] bij e-mail van diezelfde dag aan [geïntimeerde 2] laten weten:
“If you want to cancel the contract, then you have to give me my money back that I paid for it. You can’t take 180,000E for me for an “exclusive contract” and then just “cancel” it. (…) And - I did the 160,000E investment into iBrokers only as a “package” deal, so if you don’t want to have the exclusivity anymore, then we also have to reverse that transaction.”
“It came to my clients attention that you have (at least) breached the cooperation agreement. You have bluntly ignored the exclusivity that was (solely) granted to Villazzo in the cooperation agreement. You were well aware that this exclusivity was the foremost reason for mr. [naam] to (indirectly) invest in iBrokers. (…) As a result of your breach of the cooperation agreement, my clients have suffered and still suffer damages. Villazzo holds you (amongst others) liable for these damages. You have clearly undermined Villazzo's and mr. [naam] ’s interests. Indirectly, you have also undermined Desdemona's[de groepsvennootschap; toevoeging hof]
interests. (…) Therefore, Villazzo will initiate court proceedings against you and reserves the right to do so without further notice.”
3.Beoordeling
grief IIstelt Villazzo aan de orde de vernietiging van het bestreden vonnis en de toewijsbaarheid van haar vorderingen tot vergoeding van schade wegens schending van het exclusiviteitsbeding door boekingen van villa’s door iBrokers via de toenmalige onderneming van de ouders van [geïntimeerde 2] , Cyrus, en anderszins buiten Villazzo om.
grieven II en III, ziet het hof aanleiding eerst in te gaan op het beroep dat [geïntimeerde 2] heeft gedaan op verjaring, schending van de klachtplicht en rechtsverwerking.
“We are not working differently than we did last year. Last year you were informed and updated several times about the rentals we did with Cyrus. (…) Last year we also agreed that if we ( Villazzo and iBrokers ) could not offer any villas to our clients / inquiries , we could contact Cyrus. During our first video conference (…) you even told us that you were not interested in villa rentals less than €10.000,- a week. You told us that we could work with any partner (…). With your permission , we continued with the smaller rentals (…). (…) I suggest that we modify and most of all clarify our agreement as soon as possible (…).”Hieruit maakt het hof op dat in elk geval vóór 17 juni 2014 door [naam] de boekingen via Cyrus aan de orde zijn gesteld en is geklaagd over schending van het exclusiviteitsbeding. Daarmee is tijdig geklaagd. Daarbij
“I also would like to mention that as none of the Cyrus rentals have been “authorized in writing” by Villazzo (neither in 2013 nor in 2014), iBrokers owes Villazzo 50% of all profits derived from any rentals with Cyrus, plus damages for an average of extra service income that could have been realized had these rentals been done through Villazzo as per the contract in place”en heeft [naam] bij e-mail van 5 juli 2015 aan [geïntimeerde 2] medegedeeld
“I’m shocked to hear that again you did 6 rentals this year with Cyrus - although we had endless discussions last year and throughout January/February that you CANNOT do any rentals outside of Villazzo unless we agree to it in writing. This is super clear from our agreement (…). (…) The second problem that I have with these unauthorized Cyrus rentals is that not only are we losing our 50% commission share, we also lose out on any service income with these clients. I have been very nice with you all these years, always trying to help and make things right, and you just blatantly ignore not only what we have agreed to in writing, but also what we have discussed many times in person. But now it is too much. As per our contract, STV[iBrokers; toevoeging hof]
owes Villazzo already for 2014 and 2013 50% of the commissions earned for all Cyrus bookings. The commissions do not yet include compensations for lost income from potential services to these clients (…). (…) You have a
“here’s our accounting with the 2014 recap and the balance that needs to be paid (…). This does not include any 50% shares on Cyrus rentals (which as per contract would be due to us as well, but I have been holding off on invoicing those pending the modifications of the cooperation agreement we talked about.”
“The Villazzo calculation is wrong again as the previous year. (…) The other rentals were done through Cyrus, because it were there villas. We always offer your villas first and we are always in contact with your sales. This year Villazzo could not offer more villas and we could not close more deals together so therefore we had to offer Cyrus villas. Every client has been discussed with Villazzo and every time Villazzo could not help our clients.”,waarop [naam] diezelfde dag aan [geïntimeerde 2] heeft laten weten dat
“as none of the Cyrus rentals have been “authorized in writing” by Villazzo (neither in 2013 nor in 2014)”Villazzo aanspraak maakt op de misgelopen brutomarges en misgelopen inkomsten uit hoofde van aanvullende diensten als hiervoor onder 3.29 weergegeven. Bij diezelfde e-mail heeft [naam] aan [geïntimeerde 2] te kennen gegeven:
“I had mentioned in previous emails that I was willing to reconsider these claims IF we continue to improve our relationship and sign an amendment to our cooperation agreement with additional benefits to me, such as all real estate transactions going through iBrokers. So far, this has not happened, which means that as of now, at the very least the 50% of all Cyrus bookings are due to Villazzo.”
“We were always allowed to work with Cyrus, you have seen the figures in 2012
“During our first video conference”zelfs zou hebben gezegd dat hij niet geïnteresseerd was
“in villa rentals less than €10.000,- a week.”kan zonder een duidelijke toelichting - die niet wordt gegeven - nog niet worden afgeleid dat partijen hierover (wils)overeenstemming hebben bereikt. Villazzo betwist dit ook. Bovendien, zo stelt het hof vast, staat op voormelde boekingsoverzichten uit 2013 en 2014 slechts één boeking van minder dan € 10.000,00 per week aan
“rentals”.
“shall take over the management/representation of all villas in the St Tropez area”(zie hiervoor onder 2.4) en dat dit mede inhoudt dat Villazzo aanvullende diensten, zoals linnenverhuur, butler- en schoonmaakdiensten, aanbiedt aan de huurders van de villa’s.
“to end the contract with Villazzo per this moment”.
“This agreement can be extended to other destinations”).
‘unhappy clients and over billing clients and iBrokers since the start, bad reputation, agressive aproach towards iBrokers, billing problems from the start between the 2 companies where iBrokers had to give in to make this deal work, iBrokers is losing clients because we are forced to be more expensive than other agents, iBrokers is losing turn over ever since we are working with Villazzo’, niet althans onvoldoende met concrete feiten en omstandigheden zijn onderbouwd.
“again you did 6 rentals this year with Cyrus”biedt onvoldoende aanknopingspunten ter bepaling van de (schade)vergoeding. Het hof ziet aanleiding aan te knopen bij de misgelopen brutomarges en inkomsten uit aanvullende diensten over de jaren 2013 en 2014 en acht een vergoeding gelijk aan twee maal het jaarlijkse gemiddelde van de misgelopen brutomarges en inkomsten uit aanvullende diensten over de jaren 2013 en 2014 voor de jaren 2015 en 2016 redelijk. Dit betekent dat [geïntimeerden] op grond van de redelijkheid en billijkheid een bedrag groot (€ 29.555,00 +/+
grief IIslaagt. Het vonnis waarvan beroep zal worden vernietigd.
grief IIIslaagt.